The Evolution Path in Political Toleration In Constitution of Afghanistan And it’s Role in Ensuring the Shi‘as Rights

The rights of the Afghan Shiites, as a considerable part of the citizens in that region with their special identity and cultural features, have always been ignored throughout history. It was just in the recent era after the compilation of new constitution in 1382 SH (2003) that a window of hope was opened to that ethnic and religious minority. The question in the present inquiry is posed as follows: "how much political toleration has been inserted in the new constitution of Afghanistan compared to former constitutions and what was its role in ensuring the rights of the Afghan Shiites?" To answer this question, the hypothesis is posed as follows: "The new constitution of Afghanistan has considerable theoretical capacities in regard with political toleration, and one can explore various parts of it to find that it has the capacity to discover and extract the rights of the Shiite minority as well." This article aims at explaining and analyzing the theoretical aspect of political toleration in the new constitution of Afghanistan and its role in ensuring the rights of the Shiites. However, it must be noted that, unfortunately, enforcing that article of law is far from the existing reality.