An Explanation of the Effective Factors on Spatial Segregation in Rural-Urban Areas

Spatial segregation is one of the most important challenges in urban area, which is more noticeable in merged villages into cities. During merging, these villages mostly become a problematic and isolated neighbor of the cities. True understanding of spatial segregation is essential to control the consequences of merging in these areas. The aim of this paper is to explain the factors of spatial segregation in rural-urban areas. According to the findings, elements of spatial segregation varied at different scales and from place to place. This phenomenon was affected by two factors, including: external factors (political, management, location and time) and internal factors (sociocultural, economic and physical factors) (open coding). For better factor classification and to facilitate their analysis in future researches, after open coding, internal factors were defined at the two levels using axial coding and variable, index and metrics type items were identified and completed. The results showed, that factors could overlap, contradict or reinforce each other. The dichotomy of urban and rural systems, poor planning, poverty of residents, unemployment, lack of services, low quality of public transport and incomplete infrastructures of rural-urban areas as well as lack of urban management system are the most important factors with the most repetition. These factors should be mentioned as the prior programs to eliminate spatial segregation in different rural-urban areas.