Analysis of the influence of the Clergy and intellectuals in the constitional movement based on the elit- oriented

A deep understanding of the nature of movements and revolutions has beeen influenced largely by examining the role of influential social groups in the process of revolutions. The constitutional movement has also been one of the achievements of our confrontation and encounter with modern ideas. The clergy and intellectuals are influential forces in the social structure and the constitution was the first experience of competition between political forces in the history of Iran, which the clergy and intellectuals were able to win together. The clergy articulated their views based on the values ​​of Islam and its teachings, and the intellectuals, following the pattern of Western counterparts, sought to establish new political structures in Iran that were largely derived from and consequent of Western schools and the teachings of secularism, rationalism, and scientism. In this study, we deal and cope with the role of the clergy and intellectuals as the most important factors in establishing Iranian society during the Constitutional Revolution with a descriptive-analytical method. The findings of the study designate that these two currents were among the most influential groups in the Constitutional Revolution. It seems that the intellectual current, using the capacity of awareness and familiarity with western’s thechings in that period, was able to bring new teachings of constitutionalism, and the clergy introduced these teachings with Islamic approch. Then, the celergy tried by mobilizing the people to bring the constitution to victory.