Evaluation of clinical, epidemiological and paraclinical characteristics of patients diagnosed with COVID-19 and its relationship with disease severity in Amir Al-Momenin Hospital in Tehran

Today, the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID -19) pandemic and its control are the global priority. Therefore, identifying the epidemiological and clinical patterns of this disease is critical. We aimed to evaluate the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of patients diagnosed with COVID -19 and its relationship with disease severity.

In this cross - sectional study, we recruited patients referred to Amir - a l -Momenin Hospital, Tehran, Iran, diagnosed with COVID -19 from February 20, 2020 to April 19, 2020. Data related to the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of COVID -19 admitted patients were collected through their hospital records and were analyzed using descriptive methods by ANOVA, Chi -square tests, multivariable logistic regression, and Tukey post hoc tests.

197 patients diagnosed with COVID -19, including 108 (54.8%) male and 89 (45.2%) female were studied. 44.9% of them were assessed as being severely ill. 65.5% of patients in the critical condition were ≥75 years old (P<0.001). Most patients with IHD, asthma, CKD dialysis, and congenital IHDs were in critical condition (P<0.05). Also, most patients with headache, impaired consciousness and restless on admission were in critical condition ( P<0.05). Each unit decrease in O 2 saturation, age range 15 -34 years, age range 35 -49 years, hyposmia, impaired consciousness, restless, and weakness, increase the disease severity by 32.4%, 22.6%, 27.8%, 1.7%, 26.8%, 19.6%, and 13.9%, resapectively .

The findings of this study suggests that older patients (> 75 years) and patients with some comorbidities were at increased risk of severe disease. O 2 saturation at the time of admission was also negative predictors of disease severity .