"Political causes in formation of Alawite migration to Iran during the Abbasid period and its impact on the spread of Shiism"

The subject of the present study is studying the political contexts of the formation of Alawite migration to Iran and consequently the spread of Islam with Shiite approach among Iranians in the Abbasid period, especially the third century AH. According to sources, one of the reasons for the growth of Iranians' tendency to Islam, (especially with Shiite approach) in the Abbasid period is the crown prince of Imam Reza (AS) and the other is Alawite immigrants in Iran. The question of the present study is what effect did the pursued policy by the Abbasid caliphs have on the formation of the Alawite migration and how did these migrations affect the spread of Shiism in Iran? The hypothesis in this research is that the religious policy of the Abbasid caliphs in terms of threats (Mansour, Harun, Mutawakel period) and opportunities (Mamun period), prepare the way for the emigration of Imam Reza ( AS) and the Alawites and then for their political, social and cultural activities and made the way for important cultural developments in Iran. Immigrants in the existing political field through various political, social and cultural activities, paved the way for the continuation and spread of Shiism in Iran. Their presence can be considered as one of the effective factors on the spread of Shiism in Iran. The study of the political contexts of the formation of migration (as a social phenomenon) and its impact on cultural issues (the spread of Shiism) is the focus of this study. Explaining that the existing political and social conditions provided a suitable platform for the cultural activities of immigrants and, as a result, the spread of Shiism and its penetration among the "special class" and especially the "public class" of society.The research method is descriptive-analytical and the method of collecting information in this research is library and using various Islamic and Shiite sources.