Silver nanoparticles, aerobic/anaerobic pre-conditioning exercise, and structural changes in lung tissue of male Wistar rats

Despite its widespread use, the effects of nanoparticles on various tissues, including the lungs, are unclear. On the other hand, physical activity increases the resistance of lung cells to various stresses. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the structural changes in lung tissue due to nanosilver injection following aerobic and anaerobic exercise. Samples were randomly divided into 6 healthy control groups, nanosilver, aerobic protocol, anaerobic protocol, nano silver + aerobic protocol, nano silver + anaerobic protocol. First, the training groups practiced on the rodent treadmill for 10 weeks. The intraperitoneal injection of silver nanoparticles was then performed at 5 times per 10% body weight of each rat, and 48 hours after the last injection, the rats were anesthetized and sampled. Samples were photographed and studied by hematoxylin-eosin staining with an optical microscope. results showed that anaerobic exercise was significantly effective in reducing rat weight (p = 0.45). Also, the oxygen consumption in all groups, except the nano silver receiving group, increased compared to the control group (p = 0.000). Nano-silver injections also caused pneumonia 1 and 2, alveolar and bronchiolitis lesions, and inflammation and hyperemia in untreated rats. But in the aerobic exercise group, the inflammation and hypertension were reduced more than in the anaerobic group. Exercise can be effective in reducing the degree of destruction of lung tissue caused by the consumption of silver nanoparticles. However, aerobic exercise seems to be more beneficial.