Evaluation of Wind Sand and Domestic Manure Levels on Growth Indices and Allicene Content in Garlic (Allium sativium L.)

One of the important requirements in crop planning in order to achieve high yield and optimum quality is evaluation of plant nutrition systems. The present study was conducted in order to evaluation using the sand and domestic manure levels on growth indices and allicene content in garlic (Allium sativium L.), as a factorial experiment in randomized complete block design with three replications, in University of Zabol Research Institute of Agriculture in 2018. Treatments, were considered in three levels including of: 0, 100, 200 (ton.ha-1) as the first factor, and cow manure in four levels including 0, 20, 25, 30 (ton.ha-1) as the second factor. Analysis of variance showed that levels of sand, cow manure and their interactions on plant height, leaf number, biological yield, economic yield, garlic diameter, allicin, leaf nitrogen, soil volumetric moisture, soil temperature, organic carbon percentage and the total irrigation were significant. The harvest index was significantly affected by simple effects of sand and cow manure levels, and the number of garlic and potassium leaves were affected by cow manure levels. The highest plant height (60.67 cm) and leaf number (18.33) were obtained from the treatment of sand (100 ton.ha-1)  in term of consumption cow manure(30 ton.ha-1). The most biological yield (13.14 ton.ha-1), economic yield (12.07 ton.ha-1), the highest diameter of garlic (12.65 mm) and the highest amount of allicin (6.26 mg.g-1), the least total irrigation (733.33 lit), The highest soil volumetric moisture (16.26%), the least soil temperature (33.83 °C), the highest organic carbon content (1.97%), were obtained from sand(200 ton.ha-1)  under cow manure(30 ton.ha-1). Since the goal of garlic cultivation is to achieve the best yield and yield components, therefore, (200 ton.ha-1) sand treatment under 30 ton.ha-1 manure is suitable for garlic cultivation in the region.