The Right to Flee in Self-defense; Jurisprudential and Legal Study

The present article seeks to explain the various hypotheses in which the defender can stand against the attack and defend him or others, despite the possibility of escape, by using the descriptive-analytical method and using the resources of existing libraries, both internal and external. Reflecting on jurisprudential sources as well as the laws of other countries, it becomes clear that none of them had an absolute permissible or negative approach to the issue of the right to escape in legitimate defense and tried to impose the "principle" on the necessity of escape if possible, but each Depending on the location and time, and even the personality of the defender and the attacker, exceptions have been made. In addition, in any of the jurisprudential texts or foreign sources, the defender is obliged to flee when the conditions for a "safe escape" exist for him. It is worthwhile for the Iranian legislator, while reforming the legal status of self-defense, to specify the various assumptions and cases of the possibility of escape and to determine the legal ruling of each.