Stability Analysis of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.( Varieties by AMMI model

The genotype × environment (GE) interaction is a major problem in the study of quantitative traits. Genotype × environment interaction makes the performance of genotypes in a wide range of environmental conditions to be assessed. Performance stability is critical to achieving high performance and uniformity over a wide range of environments. The aim of this study was to determine genotypes with public and private compatibility using the AMMI model.

In order to evaluate and select stable varieties of bread wheat with high grain yield, 8 varieties were studied using AMMI model. The experiment was conducted in a randomized complete block design with four replications at 2015-2018 in Sari, Gorgan, Aq Qala and Gonbad cities. Each variety was planted in plots with five three-meter lines with a line spacing of 25 cm. At the end of the season, the spikes were harvested and threshed manually from each plot and the weight of the grains was measured by a digital scale and reported in square meters.

The results of analysis of variance of main collectible effects and multiplicative interaction effect (AMMI model) showed a significant difference in the level of 1% probability for environment, variety and interaction of environment variety, indicating different performance of genotypes in different environments. So stability can be examined. The first component was significant at the level of one percent probability the first two components together accounted for 97.04% and the remaining components in the model 2.9% of the total squares explained the interaction effect of the environment variety. According to AMMI1 model, Ascension varieties of Kalateh and Pearl and according to AMMI2 model, Tirganeh varieties of pearl and Kalateh were introduced as high performance and stability lines. Based on the results of Amy Stability Value Index (ASV), Pearl and Ascension varieties were introduced and based on Genotype Selection Index (GSI), Pearl and Tirgan varieties were introduced as stable lines.

Based on the both AMMI1 and AMMI2 model, stability value (ASV) and Genotype Selection Index (GSI) Morvarid and kalate varieties had highest stability and grain yield and  kohdasht, Ghabos and Aftab varieties had the least stability and grain yield.