Study of the Architecture and Culture of the Native Settlement of Bahar City - Part I: (Typology of Houses, Outer Courtyard and Their Components)

Researching and recognizing the beliefs, convictions, environmental knowledge, techniques and traditional methods of each community allows us to know their interests. The purpose of this study is to document the native architecture of the inhabitants of Bahar city in order to record some parts of its unwritten history in addition to introducing it and its dwellings. This research was done through observation, interview and participation. Shahr-e Bahar is located in the northwest of Hamadan and its inhabitants are from Baharloo tribe and they speak Turkish. There is now a castle neighborhood in the north of the city. By looking at the type of materials, the method of construction and the type of exploitation of spaces, we can understand the connection between man and nature. Also, the impact of livelihood and economy on the structure of the building and the function of different parts of houses (Outer courtyard, Inner courtyard, Backyard, Kiosk (Kūshk), Room, Kitchen) is quite obvious. In compiling this article, it was necessary to translate local words and transliterate each word for careful reading. According to the results of this study, the indigenous residential spaces of Bahar have been used only for humans and animals and less attention has been paid to the aesthetic aspects inside and outside the building. For the past 50 years, due different factors, the construction of traditional houses are not common anymore. Therefore, accurate recording of all the details of this type of housing is being forgotten.