Investigating the change in Iran's political structure from centralism to centralism

Governments are divided into three categories: centralist(Unitary), federal, and Regional. In simple, centralist governments, the central government oversees all local governments and determines their level of power. The federal model is common in many countries around the world, and the transition to it can lead to democracy, internal unity, justice and development. The model of government in Iran is centralist(Unitary). This structure is due to its large size , ethnic, linguistic, cultural and geographical diversity of Iran, this structure does not have the necessary ability to create sustainable development and social justice. At present, the centralist structure in Iran with problems such as unbalanced development, severe bureaucracy, spatial injustice and accumulation of material and human capital and having all the small and large powers in the central areas and the backwardness of the peripheral areas (economic, social, Political, cultural, biological ...) has followed. The system of federalism is a good political solution for the management of lands that have a large area, geographical diversity, and are composed of various human groups (linguistic, religious, ethnic, cultural ...). The research method in this article is descriptive-analytical. This study emphasizes the need for a transition from a centralized structure and the establishment of a federal system in Iran in order to achieve justice and equal development of the territorial space in economic, political, cultural and social dimensions.