Assessing the Effective Factors on Livability Urban Spaces Based on the Sense of Place among Tehran Citizens

Livability has a significant effect on the life, growth of cities, and the quality of life of citizens. Despite the high environmental capabilities of many cities in Iran, they face many livability problems, and thus, their solutions are the major priorities. A livability is a suitable place for human life. Semantic and mental aspects of citizens, especially a sense of living place affect livability. Hence, this study assesses the effect of the sense of place on the livability of citizens in Tehran. Tehran, which is currently facing several livability problems, is selected for the study due to the high population and the large displacement of its population. To this end, the questionnaires' assessment, as well as the structural equation modeling (SEM), are used in districts 1,4,5, and 6. These districts were selected as the study samples due to a relatively balanced distribution of socio-economic and cultural strata in Tehran as well as different environmental and physical conditions. The obtained results indicated that the most effective way to improve livability yields the t-statistic in a range of 5.3 to 36.7. Besides, understanding the current situation of the city by the citizens of Tehran includes the social and psychological aspects, where the social aspect has more priority than the psychological one.