Investigating the Importance of Physical Components of Architecture in the Types of Scattered, Strip, and Concentrated Residential Complexes on Stress and Depression (A Case Study of Nine Residential Complexes in Tehran after the Revolution)

With the rapid growth of residential complexes and their physical development, we sometimes see the environmental quality of residential spaces deteriorating, leading to various life crises. Housing problems today include a wide range of mental disorders such as stress, anxiety, and depression. The purpose of this study was to investigate the differences between physical components of architecture in reducing depression and anxiety in dispersed, striped and centralized residential complexes. The statistical population of this study was 3400 residents of 9 residential complexes in Tehran. Simple random sampling was performed using the Morgan table with 340 participants. To analyze the data related to ‘depression’, a researcher-made questionnaire, physical components of architecture in mental health, was validated by 20 architects and experts in the field with a reliability index of 0.809 and a situation-trait anxiety questionnaire with a reliability index of 0.90, and a Beck questionnaire with a reliability of 0.93. Also, Pearson correlation and regression tests were used to analyze the data. The findings show a significant correlation between different types of dispersed, striped, concentrated, and stressed residential complexes and depression. Also, the analysis of the results showed that all physical components of residential complexes in dispersed complexes can be more effective in reducing stress with a correlation coefficient of 0.784, the beta regression coefficient of -0.550, and depression reduction with a correlation coefficient of 0.776, the beta regression coefficient of -0.574. The ratio of band and concentratin was also proved to be effective.