A case study of crime rates under the influence of Covid-19 health protocols

 The outbreak of Covid-19 has severely affected the world since 2020, and preliminary evidence suggests that one of these effects is a reduction or increase in crime rates. It affected his life and daily activities. Because the issuance and execution of these orders at different times and in different ways influenced people's lifestyles, a natural laboratory was created to test some related criminological theories to explain the changing rate of "crimes".

In the present paper, the effect of health protocol implementation, especially social distance, on the rates of child abuse, theft, punishment, punishment and harassment, conflict and network fraud (computer) in the provinces of Tehran, Mazandaran, Khorasan Razavi, Fars, East Azerbaijan, Kurdistan, Sistan and Baluchestan has been studied by examining a number of criminological theories. The data of the above crimes are related to both the period before and after the outbreak of Covid 19, which were obtained through the Statistics and Information Technology Center of the Judiciary. Intermittent time series method has been used to analyze the data. 

 Based on the research findings, the percentage of decrease or increase in crimes studied during the two periods before and after the outbreak of the disease shows that the average for the three crimes of child abuse (-8/75), conflict (-8/29), bag Obligatory women (-26/01) show a decreasing trend. That is, the mentioned crimes have decreased in the post-epidemic period based on the average obtained in all the studied provinces. However, when examining the provinces, it is clear that some provinces, such as Kurdistan (in terms of child abuse and quality of women and forced labor), Mazandaran (in terms of conflict crimes and the quality of women in the post-conflict period, in East and South Africa) Have increased. In contrast, the average for all the provinces studied, for the two crimes of robbery (3/34) and network fraud (16/03), has increased in the post-outbreak period of 19. It turns out that the rate of these two crimes in the provinces of Khorasan Razavi, Sistan and Baluchestan and Mazandaran has decreased in the post-outbreak period.

Finally, it is concluded that the prevalence of Covid 19 and social distancing have changed the pattern of daily activities and the opportunity structures created as a result of these changes have changed the rates of child crime, harassment, punishing, and impunity and conflict, as opposed to cybercrime. And رTheft has been committed during the two periods before and after the outbreak of the coup d'état.