Major Islamic intellectual and political currents in Western Europe

As the largest religious minority, Muslims make up about 4% (approximately 14 million) of the total population of Western Europe. In recent decades, due to population growth, increasing immigration and the emergence of European terrorism and takfiri terrorism, especially the widespread presence of European Muslims in ISIL, as well as various terrorist operations in Western Europe, issues related to Western European Muslims and diversity of identities and tendencies Their beliefs and politics have become a contentious, important and necessary issue.The Muslims of Western Europe are part of the body of the Islamic world, and recognizing the influential ideological and political tendencies and currents among them can provide a clear view of their situation, circumstances and future. Therefore, the main question of the present study is whether the beliefs, ideological and political tendencies of Muslims in Western Europe are homogeneous or, like Muslims in other parts of Islamic geography, have multiple tendencies? If these tendencies are multiple, what are their major ideological currents, approaches, practices, and spheres of influence? The present study uses the metaphorical approach of political currents as a framework for analysis in which different theoretical approaches are used simultaneously, including the comparative approach, and by documentary method shows that Muslims in Western Europe do not have uniform religious and political tendencies. There are various Islamist ideologies and ideologies. These political and intellectual currents are influenced by European governments as well as prominent and powerful Islamic countries, including Wahhabism, secular Islam, Shiite Islam, moderate Sunni Islam and deviant sects, using the diplomacy of mosques, generators and promoters of their own discourse. Islam is active in Western Europe.