Opinions of contemporary Muslim thinkers in India (Iqbal and Nadwi) on the decline of Islamic civilization

The rise of Islamic civilization and culture is one of the wonders that has attracted the attention of many thinkers in the field of religion, history, civilization, sociology and political science. Its weakness and decline have also made these thinkers think about the secret of this backwardness and decline. Therefore, each of them has tried to explain the stagnation of Islamic civilization by main and sub-factors. The thinkers of the Islamic world, Iranians, Arabs, Turks, Indians and Pakistanis, etc., with the aim of reviving and reforming and re-developing civilization, have placed this category in their field of thought. In this article, the aim is to study the views of two Muslim thinkers of the Indian subcontinent, Mohammad Iqbal and Abul Hassan Nadwi, on the decline of Islamic civilization in a descriptive-analytical way by asking the question that; What factors have these thinkers paid attention to in explaining the issue? Findings have shown that these thinkers have considered the internal factors of Islamic civilization, including religious, political, social, scientific and moral decline, along with the phenomenon of Western colonialism and its invasion of Islamic societies in the process of degeneration of Islamic culture and civilization.