Review of Using Microfluidics Technology for Fabrication of Cardiovascular Engineered Bioscaffolds

In the recent years, bioengineered cardiac tissues are of particular significance because of the extremely limited ability of the myocardium to self-regenerate. In this article, the recent advancements in the development of experimental in vitro platforms for next generation of the diagnostics and therapy validation are reviewed. Specially, here the present progress of the microfluidics technology application such as micro/nano fibers, micropatterning, and 3D bioprinting with sacrificial material or with microfluidic channels for the development of cardiovascular systems’ biofabrication at the tissue- and organ levels is described. With all the improvements in this field, there are still difficulties in prolonged cells viability, thick tissue fabrication for higher mimicry levels, and scaffolds mechanical stability in vivo. Until now, microfluidic methods pave the way for in vitro recapitulating of cardiovascular tissue for drug testing and providing basic knowledge of organ’s functions. In the future, with novel microphysiological systems, the transition from bench to bedside will be accelerated.