The Links between Shiism and Persian Literature in the Seventh and Eighth Centuries: A Critical Study of the Signs of Shiism in the Works of Saadi and Hafez

Studying the history of Persian literature before the seventh century, we find the names of a group of great Persian writers among the Shiites, such as Kasaei, Ferdowsi, Sanai, Ghavami Razi, Naser Khosrow, etc. Heydar (Morteza) Shiites increased in the seventh century, and after that, the links between the Imami religion and Persian literature were strengthened in the seventh and eighth centuries. By classifying, describing, analyzing the data, and finally examining in-depth (analytical method), this article discusses the contexts and signs of Shiism in Persian poets of the seventh and eighth centuries and seeks the Islamic tendencies of Saadi and Hafez. The research also tries to reach a precise conclusion by presenting three arguments while analyzing the Shiite teachings in the Persian literature of that time and paying close attention to the poems of Saadi and Hafez. At the end of this review, citing earlier sources, it becomes clear and reasoned that in the seventh and eighth centuries, there was widespread enthusiasm for Shiism in Iran and Persia as well as a long leap in connecting the followers of the Imams with Persian literature, due to which the number of Shiite poets or Shiite-looking poets increased. By proving this historical fact, a careful and meticulous review of the religion of Saadi and Hafez is made, and finally, the Shiite tendencies of these two great Persian poets are revealed, the poets who are deeply in love with the Prophet's family and the descendants of Fatima (AS) and resort to the Prophet (S) and his household.