Design, Synthesis, Docking Study, and Biological Evaluation of 4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbohydrazide Derivatives as Anti-HIV-1 and Antibacterial Agents

The emergence of drug resistance to the existing antibacterial and anti-HIV-1 therapeutics has posed an urgent medical need to develop new molecules. We describe in this regard, a series of novel N'-arylidene-4-hydroxy-2-oxo-1,2-dihydroquinoline-3-carbohydrazide derivatives with anti-HIV-1 and antibacterial activities were designed and synthesized in this study.

The synthesized compounds were evaluated for the blocking of both the IN ST process and cell-based HIV-1 replication. The synthesized compounds were also examined for in vitro antibacterial activities using the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) assay.

The results revealed the moderate antibacterial activity of the synthesized compounds. Moreover, no significant integrase inhibitory and anti-HIV-1 activities were observed for the synthesized compounds at concentrations < 100 µM.

According to the docking analyses, the orientation of the designed scaffold in the active site of integrase is similar to the other inhibitors of the HIV integrase and can be regarded as an acceptable template for further structural modification to improve potencies.