Types of Communication in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks: Various Techniques and Current Challenges in this Field

With the development of technology and the growing number of vehicles, vehicular ad-hoc networks were introduced in order to reduce road accidents and increase the level of safety and comfort of passengers. In these networks, vehicles can communicate with each other, roadside equipment, and other network components. Communications in VANET have been established for the rapid and accurate delivery of integrated information from vehicles and infrastructure to other vehicles and infrastructures through wireless networks, which play an important role in network performance, service quality, safety, and traffic congestion rate. In this article, we have categorized the types of communications in this type of network. We have also categorized and reviewed the works done in this field as a table form based on four parameters: safety, convenience, driver and passenger entertainment, and developing the structure of these communications. Finally, we presented certain aspects and challenges of research in this area that need to be resolved.