Indicators of Judicial Action in Iran's Criminal Justice System Based on Jurisprudential Teachings

Reforming the structure of the judicial system by clarifying the criteria of judicial action has been the concern of the majority of criminal justice systems in recent decades. The meaning of judicial action criteria is the requirements that judicial actors in general and criminal judges in particular must adhere to. One of the most important sources in order to know the criteria of judicial action is to refer to the foundations and doctrines of jurisprudence. The findings from the descriptive-analytical study of the aforementioned criteria in the current criminal justice system of Iran, relying on the foundations and teachings of jurisprudence, show that: first; The criteria of judicial action (both positive and negative), parallel to the difference in historical, political and religious contexts in different legal systems, are different and a kind of relativity rules over their examples. Secondly; Most of the examples of judicial action criteria in legal texts and doctrines can be seen in the form of the need to respect the rights of individuals (citizenship rights), the independence and impartiality of the judicial authority. Thirdly; in the current criminal justice system of Iran, the legislator, influenced by the principles and doctrines of jurisprudence, has determined the aforementioned criteria on a case-by-case basis. Fourthly; The Iranian legislator has taken steps to provide for the guarantee of execution in case of violation of the standards of judicial action, which can be mentioned as the most important law in this field, along with scattered laws, the law on monitoring the behavior of judges. Despite what has been said, it seems that the Iranian legislator has remained silent regarding the ambiguous aspects of the indicators of judicial action and the results of not complying with them in the implementation of fair proceedings.