The Causes of Inefficiency and Development of Parties in Iran of the First Pahlavi Period(Case Study of the Revival Party from 1920 to 1941)

Authoritarian political power, with the formation of the Constitutional Revolution and the formation of the National Assembly and the establishment of a legitimate system, became a law-bound power; the party was one of the necessary tools needed in the new political structure. For some reason, however, this revolution failed to achieve its ideals. This led reformists, especially the intellectuals of the Revival Party, to think of establishing a powerful government so that they could put their reformist thoughts and ideals into practice in the political, social, economic, and cultural spheres. The main question with the present article is why did not the party, which with the help of Reza Shah had won the majority of seats in the fifth parliament of the National Assembly, be able to implement its plans and finally become an inefficient party? The research hypothesis is that the founders and members of the Revival Party seem to have been from the ruling groups and the aristocratic class of society, and therefore the party leaders were unable to break out of their original circle and communicate with the masses. The research method of the article is a historical (posteriori) and the method of collecting documentary and library information has been used as a comparative study to describe and analyze the data. The fundamental finding of the present study is that “the factors of inefficiency and discontinuity of the Revival Party have been depending on two internal and external categories.”