Investigation the theory of proportions adjustment system in historical houses of Qajar period in Khorramabad

The fundamental element of art and engineering, in particular the art of architectural engineering, is geometry and proportions. In the legal space of geometry and proportions, everything such as a building and even an urban complex can be created and found its identity. In the past, Iranian architects always focused their attention on the static and geometric principles and the proportions ruling the building. At that time, calculations and geometry were so important that people only accepted architects and Scientist as engineers. Unfortunately, today the attention to the traditional and historical principles of Iranian architecture has diminished, and the presence of these principles in contemporary buildings has become too dim. Therefore, in the present study, in order to recognition the geometry and proportions and re-use them in contemporary architecture, the theory of proportions in historical houses of Qajar period in Khorramabad has been investigated and examined. Conceptually, geometry means size and shape. It is a mathematical science and a science in which the study of space, shapes and objects can be imagined in this space. Geometry is like all other sciences derived from observation and experience, and is seriously related to human economic needs. Geometry in architecture is used as an appropriate tool for building synchronization between building components. Therefore, the lack of such a tool causes incomplete understanding of architecture. Is built regarding proportions in art, the fundamental purpose of all the theories is to create a sense of order and structure among the parts of an intuitive composition. Although the proportions may not seem to look at the first glance, the visual composition, in a series of continuous experiences, can create a sense of beauty. It is possible to consider proportions and fit in architecture, in addition to visual aesthetics, on the basics of Islamic aesthetics. In this area, proportions and proportionality based on the attributes of divine goodness emphasize the principle of justice.

The present research seeks to answer the question: which of the proportional adjustment systems was used in the geometry of historical houses in Khorramabad in the Qajar period?Objectives of the Research: The purpose of this research is to investigate and identify the proportional adjustment systems used in the historic houses of the Qajar period in the Khorramabad city, in order to keep alive and preserve the architectural values ​​of these historic buildings.

This study seeks to answer the question of which of the following proportion systems was used in the design of historic houses in Qajar's historical houses in khorramabad. In this regard, 7 historical houses with architectural evidence are selected from the historical context of this city. After data collection and measurement, their normality was confirmed by Kolmogorov-Smirnov test. Then, by using statistical analysis methods, testing of appropriate statistical hypotheses and also by using Spss and R software, the hypothesis of applying any proportion systems in historical houses of Khorramabad city to the t-test method is investigated. Finally, after examining the requirements for statistical tests and verifying the normality of the data, to decide on which of the hypotheses to be considered, the likelihood of using any of these proportions in Qajar's historical houses in Khorram Abad is more descriptive and coefficient of variation is used, which is lower than the other fitness adjustment systems, given that the coefficient of variation obtained for the Iranian Golden Fit Hypothesis (= 1/2), Finally, after examination the necessary conditions for performing statistical tested and verifying the normality of the data, to answer this question that what kind of proportions have been used in Qajar's historical houses in khorramabad? Descriptive statistics and calculating the coefficient of variation have been used, results shows that the Possibility of using Iranian golden ratio (√3=1.73) in proportions adjustment system of this historical houses is more than the other and this ratio is acceptable.