The role of exercise and some supplements in lipolysis has been reported, but given limited information on the simultaneous effect of endurance training (ET) and octopamine (Oct), the present study aimed to investigate the interactive effect of these two interventions on adipose tissue lipolysis with emphasis on octopamine receptors in rats treated with deep fried oil (DFO). 

Thirty male Wistar rats (20-18 weeks old and 280-320 g) were divided into five groups, including (1) healthy control (C), (2) DFO, (3) Oct+DFO, (4) ET+DFO and (5) DFO+Oct+ET. Aerobic training was performed for four weeks, five sessions per week with an intensity of 16-26 m / min and equivalent to 50-65% VO2max; also, 81 μmol/kg octopamine supplementation was intraperitonally injected to rats 5 days a week. Two-way analysis of variance and Bonferroni's post hoc test were used to analyze the data. 

ET increases Octβ-R expression (P=0.02) and Oct protein concentration (P=0.001) in the visceral adipose tissue of rats exposed to DFO. Oct supplementation increases Octα-R (P=0.01) expression in the visceral adipose tissue of rats exposed to DFO. Also, ET and Oct do not have a synergistic effect on Octβ-R (P=0.91), Octα-R (P=0.65) and Oct protein concentration (P=0.16) in the visceral adipose tissue of rats exposed to DFO. 

It seems that although training and octopamine supplementation alone play a role in increasing the protein concentration of octopamine and its receptors, these two interventions do not have a synergistic effect on lipolysis by emphasizing the octopamine receptor pathway.