Offer a practical model of criteria and indicators of sustainable forest management with resilience approach in the Zagros vegetation area (Case study: Totshami Watershed of Kermanshah province)

Sustainable development and sustainability will be achieved if there is a balance between the human dimension and ecosystem. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the sustainability and resilience of forest ecosystems in the Totshami watershed, which seeks to maintain a balance between the human and ecosystem dimensions. Implementation of this model includes assessing the sustainability and determining the resilience of the basin. ArcGIS software was used to analyze and measure the sustainability of the IUCN method and after the final combination of indicators and criteria to produce the map. Identification of functions of the basin with 54 types of functions and was classified into four major services: provider, regulator, habitat and culture. Based on the research results, the final score was 35 for ecosystem dimensions and 50 for human dimensions. The two main objectives including maximizing the water production and minimizing the annual soil losses, along with responding to local demand, have been achieved in the process of optimizing the functions in this study. According to the projected watershed management operations in the basin, it is expected that the ecosystem sector will reach the desired level of sustainability, and in order for the basin to remain sustainable, the economic and social sections must also be considered, and it can be achieved by taking steps to improve people's living standards. Evaluation of the results of Totshami watershed resilience measurement during indicates low tolerance threshold and flexibility of Zagros forests and the result is a reduction in the resilience of these ecosystems to potential threats and disruptions.