The Relativity of the Political Regime as a Method of Governance:The Legal Status of the Presidential and Parliamentary Systems in the Iranian Constitution Law

Traditionally legal scholars of public law have categorized the legal and political structure of different countries mainly into authoritarian, parliamentary, presidential, semi-presidential and board of administrators, based on the constituent powers of the government, the description of the duties of each power in accordance with its function in the administration of the country and the power interaction between them.The selection of one of these structures is performed during the legal formation of the power structure, and this structure is usually delineated in the constitution.Now, it is important for us to answer the fundamental question, as to which of the aforementioned regimes is compatible with the legal and political system of the Islamic Republic?The hypothesis of this descriptive-analytical research is that the constitutional system of the Islamic Republic of Iran, due to its emphasis on the foundations of Islamic jurisprudence and its envisioning specific goals that aim to advance the objectives of the Islamic society, is a unique model that cannot necessarily be completely compatible with one of the conventional political-legal systems.Rather, in the best analysis, its relationship with these systems is such that in some instances, they overlap and share, while each possesses its own peculiarities.From this perspective, the result of the research shows that there is a kind of innovation in the style of the Iranian legal-political structure which, due to its formality, necessarily possesses a kind of fluidity.