Identifying the Processes of the Curriculum Model for Social Studies Course in Elementary Schools Based on a Multicultural Approach

The aim of this study is to identify the processes of the curriculum model based on the multicultural approach for social studies course in elementary schools. The research method was applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-survey in terms of data collection. The statistical population of this research in the quantitative and qualitative part includes all employees of the Educational Research and Planning Organization, whose number is estimated at about 340 people. Using the principle of theoretical saturation, the sample size in the qualitative section has been determined 14 people. In the quantitative part, using Cochran's formula and with an error of 0.05, the sample includes 181 people. The sampling method is purposive in the qualitative part and the stratified random sampling method is used in the quantitative part. The qualitative research tools included semi-organized interviews that were used as exploratory studies. In the quantitative part, the research tool is a researcher-made, 90-item questionnaire that is compiled by reviewing the theoretical and practical foundations as well as the results of the exploratory interviews (through open and axial coding of exploratory interview texts). The results showed that out of a total of 30 initial categories with 90 concepts that were extracted from theoretical foundations and interviews, after exploratory factor analysis, 90 concepts were divided into 15 categories. The categories in different situations are: causal conditions include three categories, Background conditions include three categories ,Intervention conditions include three categories, Strategies include three categories Outcomes include three categories .The results indicate the importance of identifying the processes of the social studies curriculum model and they are suggested to be used to improve the elementary school social studies curriculum based on a multicultural approach.