Cardiovascular events in patients referred to computerized tomography angiography with moderate coronary artery stenosis

Cardiovascular diseases are the most critical causes of mortality in the modern world. Additionally, most acute coronary events result from sudden thrombosis leading to atherosclerotic plaque rupture. Computerized tomography (CT) angiography can identify the characteristics and quantity of plaques. This study investigated the relationship between plaque and moderate coronary stenosis.

This study was a retrospective diagnostic study comprising 91 patients who had been referred to CT angiography at Afshar Hospital in Yazd City, Iran, from 2017 to 2018 and undergone coronary angiography CT while bearing moderate coronary artery stenosis. Using the CT report, location, plaque density, the extent of stenosis, and vein involved were all extracted and recorded. The patients were followed up for one year from the time of the CT scan using the MACE questionnaire. Ultimately, data was analyzed using SPSS software version 22 through Chi-square, Fisher's exact test, and t-test.

The results revealed the mean age of the patients to be 62.76±1.08 years; 39 (42.9%) women and 52 (57.1%) men. Based on the obtained results, the most common involved vessel, location of stenosis in CT angiography, and plate density included the left anterior descending artery with 75.8%, the middle part of the left anterior descending artery with 29.7%, mixed density with 54.9% and one segment with 62.6% frequency. Also, according to the significant adverse cardiac event (MACE) questionnaire results, the frequency distribution of cardiovascular events in the studied patients did not exhibit any evidence of cardiovascular events in the patients' one-year follow-up.

There was no evidence of cardiovascular events in the patients with moderate coronary artery stenosis during a 1-year follow-up.