Effect of planting date and salinity on biological stability of Salicornia iranica against fine dust stress

Most saline areas where plants do not have suitable conditions for growth are exposed to soil erosion and desertification. Plant species that are highly resistant to drought and salinity can be cultivated in these areas. These plants can prevent soil erosion. Therefore, the main purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of planting date and salinity on the biological stability of Salicornia iranica against fine dust stress.

This experiment was performed as a factorial split in a randomized complete block design with three replications during the growing season 2019-2020 in the research farm of the college of Aburaihan, University of Tehran, Pakdasht, Iran. Factors tested included: three planting dates: April 1, April 6, April 31 as the main plots, fine dust agent at three levels (control (without applying fine dust), spreading fine dust on the plant for 5 days and 10 days), to Sub-plots were considered in two separate areas: saline area (area one with the salinity of 7.55 dS / m) and non-saline area (area two with the salinity of 2.8 dS / m). The mass used in this experiment was Yazd mass.

The results showed that fine dust treatment and planting date had a significant effect on all traits. The highest membrane stability in zones one and two on the date of first planting in the control treatment was obtained with an average of 79 and 78%, respectively. The highest chlorophyll-a in zones one and two were obtained on the date of the second planting in the control treatment (without application of fine dust) with an average of 76.2 and 77.6 mg per leaf fresh weight, respectively. The highest amount of chlorophyll b in zones one and two on the date of the second planting was obtained in the control treatment (without the application of fine dust) with an average of 58 and 59 mg.g-1 fresh weight, respectively. Comparison of the mean data in region one showed that the highest percentage of relative leaf moisture on the first planting date in non-stress conditions (with an average of 81%) and in region two (salinity 2.8) on the second planting date in the control treatment (Without the application of fine dust) with an average of 80%. The highest and lowest heights of the Salicornia plant were on the second planting date in the control treatment (without application of fine dust) in zone one with an average of 60 cm and the second planting date on the third planting date in the ten-day treatment with a mean of 18 cm, respectively. Was obtained The highest wet and dry forage yields were observed in zones one and two on the second planting date in the control treatment (without application of fine dust) with an average of 218, 9.8, and 107, 77 g.plant-1, respectively.

The results showed that Salicornia performed better in saline soil. On the other hand, the study of traits showed that the planting date could increase the resistance of Salicornia to fine dust stress because in the second planting date, the percentage of reduction in all traits was less than the first and third planting dates. Among the agronomic factors, planting time is one of the most important factors determining plant yield. The planting date for each species in a particular area should be considered according to the ambient temperature and soil at the time of planting and also based on the fact that the plant does not interfere with flowering at high temperatures.