Spatial-Temporal Variation of Heat Island Pattern in Tehran and Its Effective Factors

The aim of the research is to investigate the structure of the spatial- temporal heat island in the city of Tehran, as well as the physical and biophysical properties of Land surface, such as Land Use, vegetation, climatic indicators, also some parameters resulting from population concentration and human activities, including the main indicators of air pollution and density of buildings. For this purpose, after the corrections of images, calculates emissivity and the average brightness temperature and finally zoning the land surface temperature in the time interval of twenty years by using remote sensing methods was done. Then the correlation between the land surface temperature and effective parameters with normalization of information was investigated through mathematical algorithms and statistical analysis in GIS software and finally, the regional vulnerability of Tehran metropolis was determined. The results and spatial- temporal analysis showed a direct relationship between parameters such as density of buildings, concentration of activities and population with land surface temperature as well as some air pollutant indicators, and on the other hand, the inverse relationship of some other parameters such as land use, vegetation and climate indicators with the land surface temperature. This study showed that Tehran is faced to the formation of hot spots in the west and southwest regions and the number of cold spots in the north of Tehran is considerable.