Legitimacy of Evidence in Cyberspace Crimes in Iranian Criminal Law

Due to the expansion of information technology, Traditional law is faced with a new type of evidence in crime detection called digital evidence. Due to problems such as "difficulty of correct attribution, possibility of distortion and destruction", the judicial system faced a new challenge in proving the evidence. It is extremely difficult to guarantee the security, validity and authenticity of data in the virtual space, which is a prerequisite for the credibility of electronic evidence and it can only be achieved to some extent through technical strategies. The legislator of Iran has not neglected to pay attention to these technical strategies and has mentioned this necessity in various regulations. The method of this article is descriptive and analytical. As a conclusion, it should be said that the legislator in Article 40 of the Computer Crimes Law has dealt with security measures metaphorically in the discussion of data seizure. The legislator has deemed it necessary to use reliable security measures to verify identity and authenticity in Article 656 of the Criminal Procedure Law approved in 2013. Attribution of reason in virtual crimes to the accused should be legitimate and convincing and based on criminal grounds.