A Comprehensive Review of Power System Resilience Against High-Impact Low-Probability Events

Nowadays, the impact of accidents with a low probability of occurrence and severe damage such as natural disasters and terrorist attacks on the power grid has been considered in many research works. According to the reported results, it is highlighted that such events can influence power systems in the form of long-term blackouts in large parts of the power system, the elimination of main equipment (ex. posts, transmission lines, and power plants), and the infliction of severe damage on the equipment. Therefore, the power system resilience concept is defined as the power system capability to reduce the effects that occur as a result of the occurrence of high-impact low-probability events. In other words, the goal of power system resilience is to create a potential capability for accelerating the recovery of the system from the impacts of such events and to adapt its functions and structure to reduce or eliminate the effects of these events. In this paper, a comprehensive review of power system resilience against high-impact low-probability events is provided. The related published works are classified in two parts including resilience against natural disasters and resilience against terrorist attacks. The published work related to each part is described in detail, and the papers of each sub-section are classified from different perspectives and the characteristics of all categories are presented.