The Comparison between the Quranic Concept of Preference and the Concept of the Discrimination in Social Sciences and Its Entailments in the Gender–Based Debates

From the late time people who are not acquainted with the Quranic studies have propounded doubts about the Quranic Propositions connected to the rights and social position of women. One of the evidences of these who cast doubt on the position of women in the holy Quran is to draw conclusion from the concept of “preference” (Arabic: تفضیل) in the 34th verse of surah al-Nisa'. They claim that this Quranic concept indicates “discrimination” against women. This note with the analytic-descriptive aims to have extracted semantic components of the Quranic concept “preference and discrimination” in the social sciences to answer logically to this doubt and also enlights the public opinions specially youths to the intent of Almighty God from the verses of “preference” and after comparing these two it is going to prove that the term “preference” perhaps indicates a privilege for men to women but in reality it shows their creational superiority for fulling the role of “قوام” (i.e. protector and maintainer) and to fulfil their responsibility for protecting and providing the family’s needs. This matter differs from the concept of discrimination in the social sciences completely and there is no indication to it.