A Revolution Based on Symbolic Mentality, A Critique on the Book "Revolution in Iran: The Roots of Turmoil"

The Islamic Revolution of Iran in 1979 criticized many theories of the revolution and again focused research on the revolution on humanities scholars. So far, this revolution has been studied from economic, political, psychological, social classes, cultural and discourse perspectives, and each of them has proposed new perspectives on the study of the Islamic Revolution. One of them is the book "Revolution in Iran: The Roots of Turmoil" which is written by Mehran Kamerva and published in 1990 by Routledge Publications. Combining the sociological theories of the revolution with psychological and political theories and constructing a multidisciplinary approach to the Iranian revolution, he studies the policies of the government and the political field before the revolution and believes that the Pahlavi regime, after limiting economic ambitions. In the late 1970s and the diplomatic pressures of its main ally, the United States began to decay. Thus, groups and social classes disillusioned with modernization, using the open political space and Shiite ideology and leadership of the clergy, found revolutionary characteristics and with the weakness of the Shah and the regime's repressive forces were able to overthrow the Pahlavi government and replace it with a new political system. In this article, an attempt is made to critique the book based on the methodology of phenomenological sociology and the concept of symbolic mentality.