The Ukraine War and the Bread Crisis in the Middle East

War threatens the Middle East region's access to essential and highly needed resources. However, some countries are more vulnerable than others to food shortages and unrest. The present study investigates the impact of the Ukraine war and the bread crisis in the Middle East.

Search engines including PubMed, Scopus, Science Direct, and Google scholar were applied with keywords such as Ukraine, war, bread, crisis, Russia, and the Middle East to find related articles published up to 2022.

The war in Ukraine was a full-scale crisis since the two countries involved in the war supplied 30% of the world's grain production. About 75% of the world's sunflower oil is also produced in Russia and Ukraine, which has caused the risk of a food crisis in the world and can increase the level of hunger and malnutrition in the Middle East, Central Asia, and its surroundings.

According to the mentioned cases, it can be said that there is not a very clear future for the Middle East countries in terms of food supply, which have been severely affected by the war in Ukraine in the current situation.