Evaluate the Fundamental Factors on the World Oil Price

Fluctuations in crude oil prices are among the factors affecting other economic indicators, and therefore these fluctuations have always been of interest to economists. In this paper, the effect of fundamental market factors (supply and demand of crude oil) on changes in world oil prices is addressed and supply and demand elasticity are estimated using the simultaneous equations system considering world crude oil prices, US dollar index, natural gas price, global military and security tensions, reserves of OECD countries, operating capacity of the world's refineries as well as world gross domestic product (GDP). Then, the proposed model is utilized to forecast the world crude oil prices. Using the proposed model, supply elasticity in relation to world crude oil price, reserves of OECD countries, and operating capacity of the world's refineries are estimated. Moreover, demand elasticity in relation to world crude oil prices, world GDP, US dollar index, natural gas prices, and military and security tensions in the world are estimated. based on the results, the highest impact belongs to the world GPD with the demand elasticity of 0.6039, and military and security tensions in the world have the minimum impact with a demand elasticity of -0.0110.