The majority of the TBI patients are those with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI). However, due to the absence of symptoms in brain imaging until long after the injury, the manifestations of cognitive impairments remain undiagnosed. Therefore, cognitive screening is considered a key measure in these patients. One of the common screening tools for evaluating cognitive impairments is the MMSE test. The present study aimed to determine the cut-off point, sensitivity, and specificity of the MMSE test in mTBI patients.
Methods and Materials/Patients:
In this observational and cross-sectional-analytical study, the statistical population was all patients with mTBI who were injured in the first half of 2022. The case group included 79 mTBI patients admitted to the trauma, neurosurgery, and ICU departments of Poursina Hospital in Rasht in the first half of 2022, who had been referred to the same hospital as well as the Velayat specialized clinic for rehabilitation and re-visit, and the control group included 79 normal healthy individuals. Both groups were cognitively evaluated by the MMSE test on two occasions with an average time interval of 2-3 weeks.
The results of the Discriminant analysis showed a cut-off point of 27/28 as the probable point of cognitive impairment. Also, for identifying the cognitive impairment in mTBI patients, this test reported low sensitivity of 0.43-0.58 and a moderate specificity of 0.69-0.80 in two tests.
In screening for possible mild cognitive impairment in mTBI patients, the MMSE is relatively useful and should not be used solely to replace a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation with diagnostic purposes.
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