Morphological, Phenological and Pomological Characteristics of Some Promising Pecan (Carya illinoinensis) Genotypes in Dezful in Iran
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Article Type:
Research/Original Article (دارای رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:

To select the high yielding and adapted pecan genotypes for Dezful climatic conditions in Iran, 50 seedling trees were evaluated in 2019-2021 in Dezful in southwest of Iran. The results showed that P200-7 and P200-8 genotypes had the largest and smallest nuts with 14.3 and 4.2 grams, respectively. P220-2-1 genotype had the highest and P200-9, and P220-2-5 genotypes had the lowest percentage of blank nuts. Kernel removal was easy in P200-1 and P200-10 genotypes, while it was very difficult in P200-3 and P200-31 genotypes. Fruit ripening time was the earliest in P200-1 and P220-2-5 genotypes and the latest in P200-23. P200-23, P220-1-1 and P200-9 genotypes had the highest yield index with 65, 49 and 39 g cm-2 of tree trunk, respectively. The results of evaluation for heat stress tolerance in pecan genotypes showed that 40 to 70% of the branches of all genotypes were damaged by hot temperatures in the summer of 2021 with 430 hours of temperatures above 45 oC, while the branches of P200- 23 genotype were not damaged. In addition, the results indicated that heat stress damage had significant correlation with yield index (r = 0.311*) and kernel color (r = 0.323*). There was highly significant (r = -0.597**) correlation between shell thickness and kernel removal. The relationship between mean fruit weight and nut length (r = 0.386**) and nut width (r = 0.440**) were also highly significant. Factor analysis showed that nut length, shell thickness, blank nuts percentage, nut weight, yield index and heat stress damage accounted for 67% of the total variance. Finally, P200-23 genotype with high yield index, golden bright kernel color and very high heat stress tolerance, and P220-1-1 genotype with high yield and low percentage of blank nuts were identified as promising genotypes for future supplemental research.

Language:
Persian
Published:
Seed and Plant Journal, Volume:38 Issue: 1, 2023
Pages:
33 to 52
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