Efficiency of seedbeds and different dosage of Oxyfluorfen herbicide on weeds control, yield and yield components of garlic (Allium sativum L)

Garlic (Allium sativum L) is known as one of the agricultural- medicinal plants. Due to slow growth, small stature, close canopy and shallow roots, have low competitive ability against weeds. Removing weeds in early growing season can significantly help to achieve optimum garlic yield. One way to reduce the effects of weed competition is to application false and stale seedbeds. The aim of this research was to investigate the kind of seedbed treatments with the application of different dosage of Oxyfluorfen herbicide on weed control, yield and yield components of garlic.

A split-plot experiment was conducted based on randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications in the cropping year 2020-2021 at Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources University of Khuzestan. The main plot consisted of different planting seedbed 1. Conventional seedbed (without irrigation using plow and disc), 2. Stale seedbed using Paraquat herbicide (4 L/ha SL20%), 3 stale seedbed using Glyphosate herbicide (6 L/ha SL 41%), 4 false seedbed using flame application, 5 false seedbed with manual cultivation and different dosage of Oxyfluorfen herbicide (0, 1, 1.5 and 2 L/ha as split dosage) were considered as subplots.

The relationship between total dry weight of weeds and different dosage of herbicide in seedbed indicated that the highest dry weight of weeds (231 g/m2) in conventional seedbed and the lowest were two treatments for stale seedbed by using, glyphosate and Paraquat herbicides (52 and 48 g/m2). dosage required for 50% reduction of total dry weight of weeds in sampling 50 days after planting in seedbeds, flame cultivation, glyphosate, conventional and Paraquat were predicted 0.81, 0.60, 0.28, 0.75 and 0.50 L/ha respectively. The highest and lowest yield marketable yield of garlic were related to the application of herbicide 1L/ha in stale seedbed with glyphosate (538 g/m2) and Conventional seedbed with non-application herbicide (49 g/m2). Also the results indicated that the yield of garlic in the application of false seedbed with flame was higher than seedbed with cultivation. Wastage percentage of bulbs was 46% in the absence of herbicide in conventional seedbed treatment. Wastage percent of bulbs in application herbicide dose 2 L/ha was higher than 1.5 and 1 L/ha.

Stale and false seedbed significantly reduced the total dry weight of weeds in two samples 50 and 85 days after planting (64 and 48%) and increased garlic yield (50 %) compared to conventional seedbed. Application of 2L/ha of Oxyfluorfen herbicide in all seedbed treatments had effect burning on garlic. Application of 1.5 L/ha of Oxyfluorfen for proper control of weeds and achieving the optimum yield is recommended.