The effect of nitrogen and boron on some physiological and technological traits of sugar beet

Sugar beet is one of the most important industrial plants that is grown in various climates. Crop nutrition management is one of the most important factors in increasing the yield and quality of sugar beet crop. In the proper nutrition of the crop, every element should be available to the plant enough, because in the case of nutritional imbalance, adding a number of nutrients in addition to reducing yield, also disrupts plant growth and ultimately leads to a slight reduction. And the quality of the product will be.

This research was conducted in the year 2019 as a split plot based on a randomized complete block design with three replications in two regions of West Azerbaijan province, Khoy and Naghadeh counties. Nitrogen factor at four levels as N1 (fifty percent at planting and fifty percent at 6-8 leaf stage), N2 (fifty percent at planting and fifty percent at 8-12 leaf stage), N3 (1.5 times N1) and N4 (1.5 times N2) in main and boron plots in four levels B1 non-use, B2 soil use, B3 as foliar application in two stages of 6-8 leaves and 8-12 leaves and B4 as foliar application in two stages of 8 and 16-20 leaves in the subplot.

The results showed that in all four levels of nitrogen, root boron accumulated at the B4 level and reached its highest level and the minimum root boron was obtained from plants treated in B1 (control treatment). The highest efficiency of boron treatment in increasing root boron observed in N1. Root yield also increased due to increasing amounts of nitrogen and boron. Application of nitrogen at higher levels resulted in an increase in sodium, potassium, α-amino nitrogen and consequently molasses sugar, which with the increase of root impurities, the percentage of root sugar also decreased. Technological yield of sugar is also dependent on root impurities, which decreased with increasing impurity of technological yield, so that the effect of B4 on increasing the technological performance of sugar was more pronounced in N1 and the highest technological yield of sugar was obtained in N1B4. The coefficient of reduction of sugar productivity in all four levels of nitrogen in Khoy was lower compared to Nagadeh, so that at least it belonged to N3 plants in Khoy.

In general, the results showed that the application of nitrogen at higher levels resulted in increased sodium, potassium, harmful nitrogen and molasses sugar and reduced technological performance of sugar and with increasing boron treatment more sugar was stored in the root and consequently root yield increased.