Spatial analysis and distribution of brucellosis in urban and rural areas)Case study of ilam province)

Considering the critical importance of the location factor in the interpretation of various phenomena, the discussion of spatial data mining is relevant. The spatial and geographical distribution of Brucellosis incidence, some of the most important studies are as follows:Abbasi et al. (2019) explored the dependence laws of Brucellosis occurrence in humans using data mining of spatial features. The research results show that temperature and altitude factors had more effects on the discovered laws; hence, areas with higher temperatures and lower altitudes than other areas included more sick people. Azad Khani et al. (2018) analyzed Brucellosis's spatial and temporal analysis in Iran from 2011 to 2015 using GIS. The results of this study indicate that the incidence of the disease does not follow a linear process (P <0.001) was the highest and lowest incidence of disease in mid-summer and winter. Ren et al. (2013) examined Brucellosis's spatial and time clusters in Ecuador. This study found meaningful spatial clusters in the north and south highlands and the Amazon parts of Ecuador. Finally, Abdullah Yu et al. (2012), in a study, analyzed the temporal and spatial distribution of human Brucellosis in Azerbaijan from 1995 to 2009 using spatial and temporal statistics.

In this research, with spatial analysis and spatial data mining, to the analysis of geographic dispersion, the relationship between the prevalence of Brucellosis in humans with environmental parameters such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and precipitation in the villages and cities of Ilam province has been discussed. The statistical population of this research is people suffering from Malt fever during the years (2015-2021) in Ilam province.Spatial data were obtained from climatic conditions (temperature, humidity, rainfall, and pressure) in the study area of the Ilam meteorological organization.

In the province's urban areas, the highest density of Brucellosis patients is found in Ilam city and the lowest in Malekshahi. In the meantime, the disease cases in the village have been significantly higher than in the city in all years. The lowest number of cases of the disease was observed in 2016, and the highest number of cases was observed in 2022, of which the highest frequency belongs to men (56.3), and the lowest number belongs to women (43.7). The highest density of diseases shown as a hot spot is in the northern and western parts of the province; although in some southern cities of the province, the density of the studied diseases was high, it was not shown as a hot spot in the final map.

The results of this research indicate that the spatial distribution of the disease during the studied statistical period in Moran's statistical index indicates the clustering of the geographical distribution of Brucellosis in the province. Also, the analysis and spatial distribution of hot spots showed the number of people suffering from this type of disease that the northern counties of the province as areas with high rural and urban populations, are in hot clusters, and the western counties as areas with less rural and urban population are in cold clusters. The findings show a relationship between the incidence of Brucellosis with temperature, precipitation, etc., the patient's occupation, the history of contact with livestock, and the type of place (urban-rural).