Investigation of the Efficiency and Quality of Lightweight Gowns with Multi-Layered Nanoparticles Compositions of Bismuth, Tungsten, Barium, and Copper

Radiation protection plays a key role in medicine, due to the considerable usage of radiation in diagnosis and treatment. The protection against radiation exposure with inappropriate equipment is concerning.  The current study aimed to investigate the efficiency and quality of the radiation protection gowns with multi-layered nanoparticles compositions of Bismuth, Tungsten, Barium, and Copper, and light non-lead commercial gowns in angiography departments for approval of the manufacturers’ declarations and improve the quality of gowns. In this case study, physicians, physician assistants, radiology technologists, and nurses were asked to wear two commercial and proposed gowns in the angiography departments. Dosimetry of personnel was conducted using a Thermoluminescent Dosimeter (TLD) (GR-200), and the radiation dose received by personnel was compared in both cases. The participants were asked to fill out a questionnaire about the quality and comfort of two radiation protection gowns.  However, both gowns provide the necessary radiation protection; the multi-layer proposed gown has better radiation protection than the commercial sample (2 to 14 percent reduction in effective dose). The proposed gown has higher flexibility and efficiency than the commercial sample due to the use of nanoparticles and multi-layers (2.3 percent increase in personnel satisfaction according to the questionnaires).   However, the multi-layer gown containing nanoparticles of Bismuth, Tungsten, Barium, and Copper has no significant difference from the non-lead commercial sample in terms of radiation protection, it has higher flexibility and comfort with more satisfaction for the personnel.