A Comparative Study of the Verse of Rizvan with the Approach of Justice of the Companions

The issue of the justice of the Companions is one of the most important and challenging issues in the history of early Islam. The great scholars of Ahl al-Sunnah have considered all the Companions to be righteous based on the Qur'an and hadith evidences. The most important reason presented for the justice of the Companions is the verse of Rezvan, according to which, it is claimed that all the Companions or all those present at the pledge of allegiance to Rezvan were righteous. This research evaluates the justice of all companions or participants with a descriptive-analytical method. The findings of this article show that: First, from the verse of Rizvan, the justice of all the Companions participating in the pledge of allegiance is not proven. Secondly: Rizwan's pledge of allegiance cannot prove the justice of all companions in all times. This verse only indicates God's approval in a conditional way and that too at the same time and from a special group of companions present in the pledge of allegiance. The main reasons for criticizing the justice of the Companions in this verse are two issues; First, God's satisfaction is exclusive to the time of the revelation of this verse. Another thing is that the many mistakes of the Companions, which are also found in the writings of Sunnis, are a kind of violation of their justice.