A comparative study of the Nastaliq style by Emad al-Kottab and the Nastaliq style by Mirza Mohammad Reza Kalhor
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Article Type:
Research/Original Article (بدون رتبه معتبر)
Abstract:

The first characteristic style of Nastaliq’s accepted calligraphy was the style of Mir Emad Hassani Qazvini (deceased 1024 AH) during the Safavid period. With the arrival of the printing industry in Iran during the Qajar period, due to the need for the script to be compatible with this industry, Mirza Reza Kalhor (deceased 1310 AH) solved this need by making changes in the Mir Emad script, but the chaotic situation that made calligraphy like other arts. It fell into oblivion and about two decades later with the appearance of Emad al-Kottab (deceased 1355 AH), the Nastaliq style of Kalhor was revived and by making changes in it, it was transferred to the contemporary era. This research aims to study the evolutions and changes in the style of Nastaliq calligraphy from the end of Qajar of the present by comparing the works of Siyah mashq of two artists. The main question in the research is whether the school that calligraphers attend today is called the Kalhor School or the Emad al-Kottab School. To this end, five works by Siah mashq are randomly chosen from each calligrapher and studied in a comparative manner. Research information was collected by the Library-Document method and analyzed by a qualitative method. After comparing the works, it was found that the style of Nastaliq writing, geometry, and skeletonization of Emad al-Kottab’s calligraphy is the same as that of Kalhor, but Emad al-Kottab has made some reforms in Kalhor’s Nastaliq. In terms of proportion, most of the letters and strengthening of the chair and combinations that Kahler had inevitably ignored in his course in order to adapt Nastaliq to the printing industry. Ultimately, the Nastaliq writing style of Emad al-Kottab complemented the Kalhar school.

Language:
Persian
Published:
Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies of Arts and Humanities, Volume:1 Issue: 3, 2023
Pages:
115 to 139
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