Analysis of the Content Of Social Studies Books of the Second Elementary School Based on the Components of Moral Education with a Social Approach: Shannon's Entropy Model

The current research was conducted with the aim of evaluating the content of the social studies book of the second elementary school based on the components of moral education with a social approach. The research method is descriptive and content analysis type. Its statistical population included the entire content of social studies textbooks of the second elementary school in the academic year 2019-2020, which due to the nature of the subject, sampling was not done and all the statistical population was examined. The content of the plan was examined from the respondent's point of view (text, image and question) based on two indicators of belief and behavior. For this purpose, a checklist was designed based on the components extracted from Koshi et al.'s study (2018), and based on that content analysis was done and frequencies were obtained. Its content validity was obtained using CVR, 0.89, and its reliability among coders was obtained using Scott's method, 0.75, both of which are confirmed.The resulting data were analyzed using descriptive indices in the "Shannon Entropy" analytical process. The results showed that the belief index (WJ=0.505) and the behavior index (WJ=0.495) have significant coefficients, respectively; Among the components, in the dimension of belief, dialogue (WJ=0.098) and cultivating the spirit of altruism (WJ=0.080) and in the behavior index, the components of cultivating the spirit of freedom (WJ=0.103) and belonging to the identity and Its retention (WJ=0.078) has higher and lower importance coefficients in the form of social studies books, respectively. Also, the behavior index is more frequent than the belief index in all three social studies books, and both indicators are more frequent in the social studies books in the fifth, fourth and sixth grades, respectively.