Methodological Findings of Desirable Humanities based on Islamic epistemology: with Emphasis on the Opinions of Allameh Misbah Yazdi

One of the most fundamental basis in the production of human sciences is its methodology. Most methodological issues are directly rooted in knowledge such as epistemology; Therefore, the methodology of humanities feeds mostly on epistemology. The center of gravity of the epistemology of the humanities is: the nature of propositions of the humanities, the source studies of the humanities and the issue of its validation. The answer to these problems is different, depending on the type of intellectual paradigm, and each of them has specific methodological results. Common humanities methodology is rooted in rational approaches and trends, especially epistemology in the West; These issues can be shown in modern epistemology based on dominant paradigms such as "positivist", "hermeneutic" and "critical" as theoretical frameworks in the field of common humanities. Of course, different paradigms, especially in Western civilization, have common epistemological principles in this sense; For example, the approach of "nominalism", subjectivism (originality of the knowing agent), rationalism, "empiricism", "pragmatism" and the like are common epistemological principles in most western schools, and in addition to these principles, every Which of the existing paradigms also have a specific epistemological approach. But based on the intellectual system of Islam, other methodological results will be obtained.

 Method of Study:

This article tries to use the method of rationalphilosophical analysis to briefly point out the methodological results of common humanities based on epistemology in dominant paradigms and then to explain the methodological findings of Islamic humanities based on Islamic epistemology in the intellectual system of Allameh Misbah Yazdi.

Modern epistemology - based on dominant paradigms such as positivist, hermeneutic and critical - some epistemological issues of Islamic humanities and its methodological results were discussed, especially in the opinions and works of Allameh Misbah. The epistemological issues raised in this article are: the nature of propositions of humanities and the source studies of humanities and its validation issue. It was said that the answer to these problems depends on the type of intellectual paradigm, and each of them has specific methodological results. In this article, an attempt has been made to present the mentioned issues based on the Islamic intellectual system, especially in the opinions of Allameh Misbah Yazdi, to point out the methodological findings of each one, and the mechanism of the influence of epistemological issues in methodology was also briefly shown.

Based on ontological and epistemological realism, a bridge was built to methodological realism, and based on that, in the problem of source studies of human sciences, diversity and plurality of sources and epistemological tools were investigated. Based on the diversity of epistemological sources, another finding was obtained under the title of methodological pluralism and the pattern of combining methods. In the end, based on fundamentalism, the methodology and the process of reasoning in the justification and validation of human sciences were stated.