Analysis of soil properties in the formation and spread of gully erosion using R software in the Shoor River (Mehran) watershed of Mohr city

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of physical and chemical properties of soil on the creation and spread of gully erosion in the region and by providing appropriate solutions to prevent the spread of this type of erosion in the region. In order to identify the natural features of the basin and collect theoretical issues, the basic topographic maps (scale 1: 25000) of the National Mapping Organization and the geological map (scale 1: 100000) of the Geological Survey of Iran were used. Digital elevation model (DEM) and land use map were extracted from Landsat 8 images in 30 by 30 dimensions. The mentioned maps were prepared in ArcGIS10.5 environment. The mentioned maps were prepared in ArcGIS10.5 environment. Then, with field visits, 15 gully were selected and their location was recorded by GPS, and then soil samples were taken from each gully from a depth of 0-30 cm. In the continuation of the work, 5 points were selected from non-gully areas as areas that were not affected by ditch erosion and their location was recorded and soil samples were taken from a depth of 0-30 cm. Soil samples collected from the basin were examined in the laboratory for physical and chemical properties. Then R software was used for statistical analysis. The results showed that there was no discrepancy between the studied variables in the two groups (A: gully areas, B: non-gullyareas). The results of physical properties showed that the normality of sand data in gully and non-gully areas is confirmed (0.880) and (0.484), respectively. Also, the value of leven test (0.499) expresses the homogeneity of variance between the data of the two groups. Finally, sand was able to show a significant difference between the two areas (0.001).