Scaling and Corrosion Quality Zoning of Groundwaters in Bijar-Divandere Plain, Kurdistan Province

The groundwater quality changes of the Bijar-Divandere Plain located in Kurdistan Province, for scaling and corrosion, by using the information during the years 2009 to 2018 and for each year, two months of June and October were selected as high and low groundwater conditions in the GIS environment, respectively. Moreover, by evaluating various indicators to determine corrosion and scaling, valid indicators such as Langelier, Ryznar, and Pocorius for industrial use, scaling and corrosion analysis wewassed. The results of mentioned indicators in general showed that the groundwater of the western and eastern parts of the plain was prone to corrosion and to scaling respectively. The Ryznar index also showed that the water quality of the center part of the plain is a neutral condition. It is recommended to use aeration to remove iron and manganese, cathodic protection, priming, glazing, and painting of the desired facilities in the western parts of the Bijar-Divandere plain to prevent water corrosion. Moreover, for the central parts to the east of the plain with water sedimentation properties and adverse effects on agriculture, industry, and health of the region, the use of scaling inhibitors such as the use of phosphate compounds and less extraction of water resources are recommended.