The Prevalence of Dental Anomalies among 12-18- Year- Old Patients Referred to the Orthodontics Department of Kerman Dental School

Dental anomalies can lead to aesthetic and functional problems. This study was carried out to assess the prevalence of dental anomalies among the 12-18-year- old orthodontic patients who were referred to the orthodontics department of Kerman dental school, Iran, in a 5- year period.

This study was a retrospective research, performed on 299 records of patients referred to the orthodontic department. Patients' records from 2017-2021 were evaluated  for the presence of hypotonia, microdontia, transposition, hyperdontia, macrodontia, impacted teeth except wisdom teeth and type of occlusion as well as the demographic characteristics (age, gender). The data were entered into a checklist and analyzed in SPSS statistical software using Chi-square and Fisher's exact tests at a significant level of 0.05.

Out of 299 patients, 87 (29.1%) were male and 212 (70.9%) female. The mean age was 16.33 ± 2.90 years. One hundred and eighteen patients (39.5%) had class 1 occlusion. Fifty-two cases (17.39%) had dental anomalies. Hypodontia with 8% and impacted teeth with 7.7% were the two most common anomalies. The most common teeth with hypodontia was maxillary lateral incisor and the most common impacted teeth was maxillary canine. The highest number of anomalies      was observed in class 1 occlusion. There was no statistically significant relationship between the type of occlusion and the type of dental anomaly, gender and age (p>0.05). The prevalence of dental anomalies in the maxilla was significantly higher than mandible.

The results of this study showed that the prevalence of dental anomalies was (17.39%). It is recommended to pay attention to the existence of dental anomalies in order to reduce aesthetic and functional problems.