An Exploration of Social Violence and Social Exclusion of Tehran Citizens in the Context of Social Ethics: A Grounded Theory

Violence is one of the most important factors that is considered a serious threat to people's health, security and rights and has irreparable negative consequences. The aim of the current research was to identify social violence and social exclusion of Tehran citizens in the context of social ethics and to present a grounded theory.

The current research is of qualitative type and was done with grounded theory method. The statistical populations of the research are women and men living in Tehran who have experienced at least one case of social violence. The sample size was 27 people who were selected by multiple purposeful (homogeneous, theoretical) sampling method. An attempt has been made to interpret the interview and observational data and conceptualize these data by in-depth interview and entering the mental and semantic world of the interviewees, and the interviews with people continued until reaching theoretical saturation in terms of concept. In the following, open, central and selective coding was done, and then by determining the core category, theorizing was done.

Factors such as poverty and unemployment, lack of access to social and educational services, lack of social participation, inefficiency of education and training programs of formal and informal institutions, revenge and grudge, inappropriate environmental conditions and inappropriate role modeling, feeling of social and economic injustice, failure to study, social insecurity and mistrust, etc., have formed causal, contextual and intervening conditions..

The creation of the phenomenon of "social distance and injustice" in the studied society has objectively created a kind of gap and sense of distance with other groups, especially the people of the higher classes of the society and safer neighborhoods, which causes resentment and social annoyance and the increase of social violence and psychological and social insecurity are of its consequences.